ARQO

ARQO (Active Record Query Objects) is a minimal gem that let you use Query Objects in an easy and Rails friendly way. It leverages ActiveRecord features and tries to make query objects as intuitive as possible for developers. In combination with the documentation we hope ARQO helps people keep their projects well structured and healthy.

• Motivation
  • Why ARQO?
• Installation
• Usage
  • Setting up a query object
  • Deriving the model
  • Chaining scopes
  • Generators
• Development
• Contributing
• License
• Code of Conduct
• Credits

ActiveRecord provides us with an amazing abstraction of the database structure, allowing us to write queries in a simple way. Unfortunately, models can grow large for several reasons, one of them being adding a lot of scopes or placing querying logic in methods.

For this reason is that we created ARQO, so that the query logic is placed into specific objects responsible for building queries while not losing any of the benefits that Rails gives us.

• It is really simple, but still enough to have the best of Rails & query objects.

• It will dynamically add scopes to your ActiveRecord::Relation instances, clearly making a separation of concerns by not making them accessible through the model.

• It supports chaining methods defined in the query object just like when using Rails scopes.

• It centralizes the querying logic of your models in a single source of truth.

Add this line to your application's Gemfile:

gem 'arqo'

And then execute:

$ bundle install

Or install it yourself as:

$ gem install arqo

In the following sections we explain some basic usage and the API provided by the gem.

In order to use an ARQO query object, you need to inherit from ARQO::Query and define the Scope module inside it. Methods should be defined within the Scope module like this:

# app/queries/user_query.rb

class UserQuery < ARQO::Query
  module Scope
    def active_last_week
      where('last_active_at > ?', 1.week.ago)
    end
  end
end

And then you can use it from anywhere in your code.

UserQuery.new.active_last_week

In this previous example, the model was derived from the query object name. In case it's not derivable you should provide the ActiveRecord::Relation when initializing the query object, for example if you have:

# app/queries/custom_named_query.rb

class CustomNamedQuery < ARQO::Query
  module Scope
    def active_last_week
      where('last_active_at > ?', 1.week.ago)
    end
  end
end

you can use it like this:

CustomNamedQuery.new(User.all).active_last_week

you can also set the model class or relation to query from by overriding a simple method, like:

class CustomNamedQuery < ARQO::Query
  module Scope
    # ...
  end

  private

  def associated_relation
    User # you can also do something like User.some_scope
  end
end

Of course you can chain everything together, methods defined in the query object and scopes defined in the model or by Rails.

# app/queries/user_query.rb

class UserQuery < ARQO::Query
  module Scope
    def active_last_week
      where('last_active_at > ?', 1.week.ago)
    end

    def not_deleted
      where(deleted_at: nil)
    end
  end
end

And then you chain everything together and it will just work :)

UserQuery.new.where.not(name: nil).active_last_week.not_deleted.order(:id)

To create the query object we can use the rails generator tool. For that, we just run:

$ rails generate query User

And it will create your UserQuery object at app/queries folder. If you have set Rspec as your test framework, the corresponding spec file will be also created at spec/queries.

⚠️ Rspec is the only test framework supported for now.

If your query object is based on another class, you can set the associated_relation attribute to automatically override the associated_relation method.

$ rails generate query CustomUser --associated_relation=User

To generate the query object when you create your rails models, enable the query generators at your application config file adding the following line:

# config/application.rb

module App
  class Application < Rails::Application
    ...

    config.generators do |g|
      ...
      g.query true # Added line
    end
  end
end

Now, if you run the model generator:

$ rails generate model User

The query object and spec will be created as well as the model, migrations, test files, etc.

Another alternative, it is to add the --query option at the end of the command:

$ rails generate model User --query

After checking out the repo, run bin/setup to install dependencies. Then, run rake spec to run the tests. You can also run bin/console for an interactive prompt that will allow you to experiment.

To install this gem onto your local machine, run bundle exec rake install. To release a new version, update the version number in version.rb, and then run bundle exec rake release, which will create a git tag for the version, push git commits and tags, and push the .gem file to rubygems.org.

Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/rootstrap/arqo. This project is intended to be a safe, welcoming space for collaboration, and contributors are expected to adhere to the code of conduct.

The gem is available as open source under the terms of the MIT License.

Everyone interacting in the ARQO project's codebases, issue trackers, chat rooms and mailing lists is expected to follow the code of conduct.

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ARQO is maintained by Rootstrap with the help of our contributors.