OmniAuth Twitter

This gem contains the Twitter strategy for OmniAuth.

Twitter offers a few different methods of integration. This strategy implements the browser variant of the "Sign in with Twitter" flow.

Twitter uses OAuth 1.0a. Twitter's developer area contains ample documentation on how it implements this, so check that out if you are really interested in the details.

You should have already installed OmniAuth into your app; if not, read the OmniAuth README to get started.

Now sign in into the Twitter developer area and create an application. Take note of your API Key and API Secret (not the Access Token and Access Token Secret) because that is what your web application will use to authenticate against the Twitter API. Make sure to set a callback URL or else you may get authentication errors. (It doesn't matter what it is, just that it is set.)

First start by adding this gem to your Gemfile:

gem 'omniauth-twitter'

If you need to use the latest HEAD version, you can do so with:

gem 'omniauth-twitter', :github => 'arunagw/omniauth-twitter'

Next, tell OmniAuth about this provider. For a Rails app, your config/initializers/omniauth.rb file should look like this:

Rails.application.config.middleware.use OmniAuth::Builder do
  provider :twitter, "API_KEY", "API_SECRET"
end

Replace "API_KEY" and "API_SECRET" with the appropriate values you obtained earlier.

Twitter supports a few options when authenticating. Usually you would specify these options as query parameters to the Twitter API authentication URL (https://api.x.com/oauth/authenticate by default). With OmniAuth, of course, you use http://yourapp.com/auth/twitter instead. Because of this, this OmniAuth provider will pick up the query parameters you pass to the /auth/twitter URL and re-use them when making the call to the Twitter API.

The options are:

• force_login - This option sends the user to a sign-in screen to enter their Twitter credentials, even if they are already signed in. This is handy when your application supports multiple Twitter accounts and you want to ensure the correct user is signed in. Example: http://yoursite.com/auth/twitter?force_login=true

• screen_name - This option implies force_login, except the screen name field is pre-filled with a particular value. Example: http://yoursite.com/auth/twitter?screen_name=jim

• lang - The language used in the Twitter prompt. This is useful for adding i18n support since the language of the prompt can be dynamically set for each user. Example: http://yoursite.com/auth/twitter?lang=pt

• secure_image_url - Set to true to use https for the user's image URL. Default is false.

• image_size: This option defines the size of the user's image. Valid options include mini (24x24), normal (48x48), bigger (73x73) and original (the size of the image originally uploaded). Default is normal.

• x_auth_access_type - This option (described here) lets you request the level of access that your app will have to the Twitter account in question. Example: http://yoursite.com/auth/twitter?x_auth_access_type=read

• use_authorize - There are actually two URLs you can use against the Twitter API. As mentioned, the default is https://api.x.com/oauth/authenticate, but you also have https://api.twitter.com/oauth/authorize. Passing this option as true will use the second URL rather than the first. What's the difference? As described here, with authenticate, if your user has already granted permission to your application, Twitter will redirect straight back to your application, whereas authorize forces the user to go through the "grant permission" screen again. For certain use cases this may be necessary. Example: http://yoursite.com/auth/twitter?use_authorize=true. Note: You must have "Allow this application to be used to Sign in with Twitter" checked in your application's settings - without it your user will be asked to authorize your application each time they log in.

Here's an example of a possible configuration where the user's original profile picture is returned over https, the user is always prompted to sign-in and the default language of the Twitter prompt is changed:

Rails.application.config.middleware.use OmniAuth::Builder do
  provider :twitter, "API_KEY", "API_SECRET",
    {
      :secure_image_url => 'true',
      :image_size => 'original',
      :authorize_params => {
        :force_login => 'true',
        :lang => 'pt'
      }
    }
end

An example auth hash available in request.env['omniauth.auth']:

{
  :provider => "twitter",
  :uid => "123456",
  :info => {
    :nickname => "johnqpublic", # screen name
    :name => "John Q Public",
    :location => "Anytown, USA",
    :image => "http://si0.twimg.com/sticky/default_profile_images/default_profile_2_normal.png",
    :description => "a very normal guy.",
    :urls => {
      :Website => nil,
      :Twitter => "https://twitter.com/johnqpublic"
    }
  },
  :credentials => {
    :token => "a1b2c3d4...", # The OAuth 2.0 access token
    :secret => "abcdef1234"
  },
  :extra => {
    :access_token => "", # An OAuth::AccessToken object
    :raw_info => {
      :name => "John Q Public",
      :listed_count => 0,
      :profile_sidebar_border_color => "181A1E",
      :url => nil,
      :lang => "en",
      :statuses_count => 129,
      :profile_image_url => "http://si0.twimg.com/sticky/default_profile_images/default_profile_2_normal.png",
      :profile_background_image_url_https => "https://twimg0-a.akamaihd.net/profile_background_images/229171796/pattern_036.gif",
      :location => "Anytown, USA",
      :time_zone => "Chicago",
      :follow_request_sent => false,
      :id => 123456,
      :profile_background_tile => true,
      :profile_sidebar_fill_color => "666666",
      :followers_count => 1,
      :default_profile_image => false,
      :screen_name => "johnqpublic",
      :following => false,
      :utc_offset => -3600,
      :verified => false,
      :favourites_count => 0,
      :profile_background_color => "1A1B1F",
      :is_translator => false,
      :friends_count => 1,
      :notifications => false,
      :geo_enabled => true,
      :profile_background_image_url => "http://twimg0-a.akamaihd.net/profile_background_images/229171796/pattern_036.gif",
      :protected => false,
      :description => "a very normal guy.",
      :profile_link_color => "2FC2EF",
      :created_at => "Thu Jul 4 00:00:00 +0000 2013",
      :id_str => "123456",
      :profile_image_url_https => "https://si0.twimg.com/sticky/default_profile_images/default_profile_2_normal.png",
      :default_profile => false,
      :profile_use_background_image => false,
      :entities => {
        :description => {
          :urls => []
        }
      },
      :profile_text_color => "666666",
      :contributors_enabled => false
    }
  }
}

Ryan Bates has put together an excellent RailsCast on OmniAuth:

OmniAuth Twitter is tested under 2.1.x, 2.2.x and JRuby.

If you use its gem on ruby 1.9.x, 2.0.x, or Rubinius use version v1.2.1 .

Please read the contribution guidelines for some information on how to get started. No contribution is too small.

Copyright (c) 2011 by Arun Agrawal

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

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