Tod

Supplies TimeOfDay class that includes parsing, strftime, comparison, and arithmetic.

Supplies Shift to represent a period of time, using a beginning and ending TimeOfDay. Allows to calculate its duration and to determine if a TimeOfDay is included inside the shift. For nightly shifts (when beginning time is greater than ending time), it supposes the shift ends the following day.

Installation

gem install tod

Examples

Loading Tod

require 'tod'

Creating from hour, minute, and second

Tod::TimeOfDay.new 8                                # => 08:00:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.new 8, 15, 30                        # => 08:15:30

Parsing text

Strings only need to contain an hour. Minutes, seconds, AM or PM, and colons are all optional.

Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "8"                            # => 08:00:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "8am"                          # => 08:00:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "8pm"                          # => 20:00:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "8p"                           # => 20:00:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "9:30"                         # => 09:30:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "15:30"                        # => 15:30:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "3:30pm"                       # => 15:30:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "1230"                         # => 12:30:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "3:25:58"                      # => 03:25:58
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "515p"                         # => 17:15:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "151253"                       # => 15:12:53
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "noon"                         # => 12:00:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "midnight"                     # => 00:00:00

Tod::TimeOfDay.parse raises an ArgumentError if the argument to parse is not parsable. Tod::TimeOfDay.try_parse will instead return nil if the argument is not parsable.

Tod::TimeOfDay.try_parse "3:30pm"                   # => 15:30:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.try_parse "foo"                      # => nil

You can also give a block to parse to handle special input with your own logic.

Tod::TimeOfDay.parse "25" do |time_string|
  Tod::TimeOfDay.new(time_string.to_i % 24)
end                                                 # => 01:00:00

Values can be tested with Tod::TimeOfDay.parsable? to see if they can be parsed.

Tod::TimeOfDay.parsable? "3:30pm"                   # => true
Tod::TimeOfDay.parsable? "foo"                      # => false

Adding or subtracting time

Seconds can be added to or subtracted from Tod::TimeOfDay objects. Time correctly wraps around midnight.

Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8) + 3600                        # => 09:00:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8) - 3600                        # => 07:00:00
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(0) - 30                          # => 23:59:30
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(23,59,45) + 30                   # => 00:00:15

Comparing

Tod::TimeOfDay includes Comparable.

Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8) < Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9)            # => true
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8) == Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9)           # => false
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9) == Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9)           # => true
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(10) > Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9)           # => true

Formatting

Format strings are passed to Time#strftime.

Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8,30).strftime("%H:%M")          # => "08:30"
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(17,15).strftime("%I:%M %p")      # => "05:15 PM"
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(22,5,15).strftime("%I:%M:%S %p") # => "10:05:15 PM"

Or a Rails style to_formatted_s is aliased to to_s.

Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8,30).to_s(:short)    # => "8:30 am"

Or i18n in a Rails ERB view.

<%= l Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8, 30), format: :short %>

Add new formatters to Tod::TimeOfDay::FORMATS.

Tod::TimeOfDay::FORMATS[:seconds_only] = "%S"
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8,30,57).to_s(:seconds_only)  # => "57"

Rounding

Round to the given nearest number of seconds.

Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8,15,31).round(5)     # => "08:15:30"
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8,15,34).round(60)    # => "08:16:00"
Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8,02,29).round(300)   # => "08:00:00"

Convenience methods for dates and times

Pass a date to Tod::TimeOfDay#on and it will return a time with that date and time, in the time zone of the ruby runtime (Time.now.zone).

tod = Tod::TimeOfDay.new 8, 30                  # => 08:30:00
tod.on Date.today                               # => 2010-12-29 08:30:00 -0600

Tod offers Date#at and Time#to_time_of_day. Require 'tod/core_extensions' to enable.

require 'tod/core_extensions'
tod = Tod::TimeOfDay.new 8, 30                  # => 08:30:00
Date.today.at tod                               # => 2010-12-29 08:30:00 -0600
Time.now.to_time_of_day                         # => 16:30:43
DateTime.now.to_time_of_day                     # => 16:30:43

Conversion method

Tod provides a conversion method which will handle a variety of input types:

Tod::TimeOfDay(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8, 30))           # => 08:30:00
Tod::TimeOfDay("09:45")                        # => 09:45:00
Tod::TimeOfDay(Time.new(2014, 1, 1, 12, 30))   # => 12:30:00
Tod::TimeOfDay(Date.new(2014, 1, 1))           # => 00:00:00

Shifts

Tod::Shift is a range-like object that represents a period of time, using a beginning and ending Tod::TimeOfDay. Allows to calculate its duration and to determine if a Tod::TimeOfDay is included inside the shift. For nightly shifts (when beginning time is greater than ending time), it supposes the shift ends the following day. Tod::Shift behaves like a Ruby range in that it defaults to inclusive endings. For exclusive endings, pass true as the third argument (like a Ruby range).

Creating from Tod::TimeOfDay

Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(17))
Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(22), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(4))

Duration

Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(17)).duration # => 28800
Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(20), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(2)).duration # => 21600

Include?

Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(17)).include?(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(12)) # => true
Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(17)).include?(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(7))  # => false
Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(20), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(4)).include?(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(2))  # => true
Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(20), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(4)).include?(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(18)) # => false

#include? respects exclusive endings.

Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(5), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9)).include?(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9)) # => true
Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(5), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9), true).include?(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9)) # => false

Overlaps?

breakfast = Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(8), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(11))
lunch = Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(10), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(14))
breakfast.overlaps?(lunch) # => true
lunch.overlaps?(breakfast) # => true

dinner = Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(18), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(20))
dinner.overlaps?(lunch) # => false

# Exclude ending
morning_shift = Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(17), true)
evening_shift = Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(17), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(1), true)
morning_shift.overlaps?(evening_shift) # => false

Contains?

workday = Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(17))
lunch = Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(10), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(14))
workday.contains?(lunch) # => true
lunch.contains?(workday) # => false

dinner = Tod::Shift.new(Tod::TimeOfDay.new(18), Tod::TimeOfDay.new(20))
dinner.overlaps?(lunch) # => false

Rails Time Zone Support

If Rails time zone support is loaded, Date#on and Tod::TimeOfDay#at (when given a Date) will automatically use Time.zone.

When Tod::TimeOfDay#on is given a Time or Time-like object like ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone, Tod will ignore the specified timezone and return the time on that date in UTC. In order to produce an object with the correct time and time zone, pass in an ActiveSupport::TimeZone object. Date#at has analogous behavior.

time = Time.now.in_time_zone("US/Eastern")           # => Mon, 24 Sep 2018 05:07:23 EDT -04:00
tod.on time                                          # => Mon, 24 Sep 2018 08:30:00 UTC +00:00
tod.on time, time.time_zone                          # => Mon, 24 Sep 2018 08:30:00 EDT -04:00
tod.on time, Time.find_zone!("US/Mountain")          # => Mon, 24 Sep 2018 08:30:00 MDT -06:00
Date.tomorrow.at tod, Time.find_zone!("US/Mountain") # => Tue, 25 Sep 2018 08:30:00 MDT -06:00

ActiveRecord Attribute Support

Tod::TimeOfDay can be used as an ActiveRecord attribute to store Tod::TimeOfDay directly in a column of the time type.

Example:

ActiveModel::Type.register(:time_only, Tod::TimeOfDayType)
ActiveRecord::Type.register(:time_only, Tod::TimeOfDayType)

class Order < ActiveRecord::Base
  attribute :time, :time_only
end
order = Order.create(time: Tod::TimeOfDay.new(9,30))
order.time                                      # => 09:30:00

In Rails, this can be used with time_select in forms like so:

f.time_select :time, ignore_date: true

Or with simple_form:

f.input :time, as: :time, ignore_date: true

MongoDB Support

Tod includes optional serialization support for Tod::TimeOfDay to be serialized to MongoDB.

require 'tod/mongoization'

Upgrading from Versions Prior to 2.0.0

Tod has a new focus on not polluting the global namespace.

Tod no longer puts Tod::TimeOfDay and Tod::Shift in the global namespace by default. You can either fully qualify access to these classes or include Tod in the global namespace.

require 'tod'
include Tod # TimeOfDay and Shift are now in the global namespace like in versions prior to 2.0.0

Tod no longer automatically extends the Time and Date classes. Require them explicitly.

require 'tod/core_extensions'
tod = Tod::TimeOfDay.new 8, 30                  # => 08:30:00
Date.today.at tod                               # => 2010-12-29 08:30:00 -0600
Time.now.to_time_of_day                         # => 16:30:43
DateTime.now.to_time_of_day                     # => 16:30:43

Tod no longer automatically includes MongoDB serialization methods in Tod::TimeOfDay. Require them explicitly.

require 'tod/mongoization'

Compatibility

Tod is tested against Ruby 2.6.x and Rails 6.x.

tod

Development

Tod